Defects in sex organs

Hypogonadism

The malfunctioning of hypothalamus , pituitary , testes or ovary may results in hypogonadism. In male hypogonadism results in deficiency of male sex hormone androgen, sperm production ,etc. it may cause the lack of development of secondary sexual characteristics .in females hypogonadism results lack of estrogen, which result the cessation of reproductive cycles.

Precocious  puberty

Precocious puberty is the early maturation of testes and ovaries with production of sperm and ova. Precocious puberty results the sperm production in 10 years boy and ova production in 9 years girls. The pseudo precocity results due to the excess of sex hormones from adrenal cortex, ovary , testis etc. in boys the sexual pseudoprecosity cause the excess testosterone production. In such cases enlargement of the penis accelerated appearance of sexual characteristics may occur. In girls sexual pseudoprecosity results in increased amount of estrogen. The external symptoms of sexual miniaturization are breast enlargement , pubic hair etc in girls.

Gynaecomastia

Gynaecomastia is the development of breast tissue in males. It is due to the high level of estrogen to androgen ratio. Decreased amount of testosterone may leads to gynaecomastia.

Addison’s diseases|Adreanal virillism|Cushing’s syndrome|Aldosteronism Reason and Causes

Addison’s disease

Named after and English physician Thomas Addison .It occurs due to the hyper secretion of glucocorticoids and minearalocorticoids. The symptoms are bronze pigmentation on skin, low blood sugar level , vomiting, diarrhea etc.

Adreanal virillism

It occurs due to the hypersecretion of sex corticoids . it is commonly seen in womens .the characteristic symbol is development of male characters in females such as beards, moustaches etc.

Cushing’s syndrome

It is name after a german anatomist Harvey Cushing .It occurs due to the hypersecretion of cortisol. The characteristic symbol is high glucose level in blood, glucose in urine , obesity , high bp etc.

Aldosteronism

It occurs due to the hypersecretion of aldosterone . the characteristic symbol is rise in plasma sodium ions , rise blood volume and high bp.

Precocious puberty

It occurs due to the hyper secretion of testosterone. The characteristic symbol is early development of secondary sex organs and characters.

Eunucoidism

It occurs due to the hypo secretion of testosterone. The characteristic symbol is failure in the development of secondary sex organs and characters . the sperm production does not occurs them .