Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism causes and details

Thyroid is a gland which is butterfly shaped . thyroid gland secret a hormone namely thyroxin. Thyroid hormones are essential for regulate metabolic rate , stimulating protein synthesis . maintain normal body temperature etc. due the malfunctioning of thyroid gland the following disorders many happened.

Hypothyroidism

Hypothyrodism is due to the low level of thyroid hormones. This is due to the failure of thyroid gland or inadequate dietry supply of iodine. . the main symptoms are decrease in metabolic activity and poor tolerance of cold. The hypo secretion of thyroid hormones causes cretinism in children. Cretinism results in dwarfism . because the skeletal fails to grow and mature. The brain development may affect .some of the features of patients are dry skin, thick tongue , lethargy , respiratory problems , constipation etc.

The hyposecretion of thyroid hormones in adults results in myxodema .the major symptom of this disease is accumulation of intestinal fluid .due to accumulation of fluid the facial tissues to swell and look fluffy.

Hyperthyroidism

The hypersecretion of thyroid hormones results in grave’s disease. It is also known as exopthalmic goiter. These patients have projection behind the eyes . it is more often seen in females.

Psychosomatic diseases Details

When a person is in a continuous state of anxiety and fear the person may undergo psychosomatic diseases. In this condition the body is not able to come to the state of homeostasis which is very vital if the body is to remain in a balanced and healthy equilibrium. Some of the psychosomatic disorders described below.

Cardiovascular system : essential hypertension ,cerebrovascular disease , migraine , coronary disease

Respiratory disorders : hay fever, asthma , allergy, vasomotor rhinitis

Disorders of muscles and joints :fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis

Gastro intestinal disorders : peptic ulcer , diarrhea , irregular bowel movements.

Endocrime disorders : hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus

Disorders in reproductive system : pre menstrual tension , menopausal changes

The anxieties and fears are lower the body resistance , making the individual vulnerable to various diseases .this is due to stress interferes with the immune system by reducing the overall number of lymphocyte. The wbc or lymphocyte are the cells which attack the foreign bodes such as disease causing bacteria , virus , fungi etc. by the experiments we proved that the frightened animal’s immune system not work properly and reduce the number of lymphocyte level during fear.